自然災害 監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)
我有新說法
自然災害是指自然界的一些突發(fā)事件或異常現(xiàn)象，如地震、火山爆發(fā)、洪水、颶風、龍卷風等，給人類帶來生命、財產(chǎn)和環(huán)境等方面的損失和影響。自然災害的發(fā)生往往不可預測，但我們可以提高防災意識并采取一些措施來減少其對我們生活的影響。自然災害監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)基于空間位置已知的衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)、采用空間后方交會基本原理，實現(xiàn)地面用戶終端設(shè)備的絕對定位。是防范和應對自然災害的重要手段，是保障人民群眾生命財產(chǎn)安全的重要措施。
一、產(chǎn)品簡介
GNSS監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)基于空間位置已知的衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)、采用空間后方交會基本原理，實現(xiàn)地面用戶終端設(shè)備的絕對定位。現(xiàn)場部署的接收機終端，按照既定采集、傳輸頻率將觀測數(shù)據(jù)遠程無線傳輸至監(jiān)測中心（一般為云端接收存儲），監(jiān)測中心對觀測數(shù)據(jù)即時分析處理，供相關(guān)技術(shù)、管理部門使用。
從數(shù)據(jù)流程及功能劃分角度，可將整個監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)劃分為空間部分、地面基準站部分、監(jiān)測終端三大部分。
二、產(chǎn)品特點
1.支持BEIDOU B1/B2/B3、GPS L1/L2/L5、GLONASS G1/G2、GALILEO E1/E5a/E5b，4系統(tǒng)11頻點信號，自主開發(fā)高精度平差解算軟件，實現(xiàn)多系統(tǒng)多頻點融合高精度定位
2.產(chǎn)品融合傾角、加速度模塊，輔助實現(xiàn)位移數(shù)據(jù)突變檢測，驅(qū)動觀測工作模式的自適應調(diào)整
3.產(chǎn)品基于芯片級自主開發(fā)，極大降低整體功耗，更加適宜野外連續(xù)運行
4.產(chǎn)品支持4G/NB-IoT、無線網(wǎng)橋，以太網(wǎng)等數(shù)據(jù)通訊傳輸模式，支持MQTT TCP/IP、NTRIP、JT808等通訊協(xié)議
5.產(chǎn)品搭載高性能工業(yè)級32位ARM內(nèi)核處理器，本地計算能力強大，內(nèi)置嵌入式web服務器，可遠程雙向交互
6.依據(jù)應用場景和監(jiān)測需求，支持動（靜）態(tài)高精度解算
7.前端嵌入恒星日濾波、卡爾曼濾波、突變檢測等算法，云端融合大數(shù)據(jù)清理、趨勢分析、灰預測、切線角分析等模型，極大保證數(shù)據(jù)可靠性
8.產(chǎn)品采用鋁材整銑外殼、內(nèi)外密封防護、防摔軟膠設(shè)計，具有優(yōu)秀的防護、防摔及減震性能
三、工作條件
工作電壓：12V~36 V
瞬時最大電流：＜5A；工作電流：10mA~120mA
額定功耗：小于1.2W
工作溫度：-40°C?85°C；工作濕度：95%RH
四、技術(shù)參數(shù)
參數(shù)名稱 | 技術(shù)指標 |
靜態(tài)精度 | 水平精度：土（2.5+0.5x10-6xD） mm |
垂直精度：士（5.0+0.5x10-6xD） mm |
動態(tài)精度 | 水平精度：士（8.0+1.0x10-6xD） mm |
垂直精度：士（15.0+1.0x10-6xD） mm |
接收信號類型 | BEIDOUB1/B2/B3、GPSL1/L2/L5、GLONASS G1/G2. GALILEO |
E1/E5a/E5b 4 系統(tǒng) 11 頻點 |
數(shù)據(jù)采樣頻率 | 1Hz/2Hz/5Hz/10Hz/20Hz 可選 |
接口通訊方式 | RS232，4G/NB-IoT〃電臺通訊 |
工作溫度 | -40C?85℃ |
工作濕度 | 95%RH無凝露 |
防護等級 | IP68 |
沖擊/震動 | 可抗擊2m自由跌落 |
供電方式 | 12?36V直流寬電壓供電 |
差分數(shù)據(jù) | RTCM3.2 |
電壓文波 | 100mvp-p（max） |
測速精度 | 0.05m/s |
一體機尺寸 | 213mm×129mm |
一體機重量 | ＜2.2Kg |
軟件概述 | 支持動態(tài)、靜態(tài)解算，設(shè)備狀態(tài)管理、成果數(shù)據(jù)精度評定 |
五、安裝注意事項
1.對空視野較開闊，視野內(nèi)高度角15°范圍內(nèi)無成片遮擋物
2.遠離大功率無線電發(fā)射源（如電視臺、電臺、微波站等），其距離不小于200米，遠離高壓輸?shù)离娋€和微波無線電信號傳輸通道，其距離不小于50米
3.附近不應有強烈信號反射物件（如大型建筑物、大面積水域等）
4.交通較為便利，利于施工、施測及后期維護作業(yè)
5.基準點測設(shè)應根據(jù)設(shè)計方案執(zhí)行，其基礎(chǔ)應保證穩(wěn)定
6.監(jiān)測點測設(shè)應根據(jù)設(shè)計方案執(zhí)行，確需微調(diào)應與設(shè)計單位充分溝通確定
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GNSS在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)基于芯片級自主開發(fā)，極大降低整體功耗，更加適宜野外連續(xù)運行。通過位移監(jiān)測，可以及時發(fā)現(xiàn)邊坡的變形情況，及時采取措施修復或加固工程結(jié)構(gòu)，保證工程的安全可靠。
GNSS技術(shù)提供了高精度的位置信息，確保表面位移監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)能夠準確監(jiān)測地表或結(jié)構(gòu)表面的位移變化。適用于各種地形和環(huán)境條件下的位移監(jiān)測，具有較強的靈活性和可擴展性。
尾礦庫位移監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)是一種用于監(jiān)測地面沉降和位移的設(shè)備。它可以被安裝在建筑物、橋梁、隧道、尾礦等結(jié)構(gòu)物上，以便實時檢測和記錄地面變形情況。
表面位移監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)是一種基于全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)（GNSS）技術(shù)的先進系統(tǒng)，旨在實時監(jiān)測和分析地表或結(jié)構(gòu)表面的位移變化。該系統(tǒng)對于預警地質(zhì)災害，如滑坡、泥石流等，具有關(guān)鍵作用，并能夠幫助相關(guān)機構(gòu)及時采取應對措施，減少災害帶來的損失。
礦區(qū)安全防汛在線監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)對山體滑坡、地面沉降等地質(zhì)災害表面的形變位移監(jiān)測，從而為地質(zhì)災害的預警和防治決策提供科學依據(jù)，大程度避免和減輕自然災害給人們帶來的損失。
