汽輪機(jī)TSI系統(tǒng) PR9350/02 缸脹傳感器

產(chǎn)品詳情資料

PLC的結(jié)構(gòu)及各部分的作用
PLC的類型繁多，功能和指令系統(tǒng)也不盡相同,但結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理則大同小異，通常由主機(jī)、輸入/輸出接口、電源擴(kuò)展器接口和外部設(shè)備接口等幾個(gè)主要部分組成.PLC的硬件系統(tǒng)
1、主機(jī)
主機(jī)部分包括中央處理器（CPU）、系統(tǒng)程序存儲(chǔ)器和用戶程序及數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器。CPU是PLC的核心，它用以運(yùn)行用戶程序、監(jiān)控輸入/輸出接口狀態(tài)、作出邏輯判斷和進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，即讀取輸入變量、完成用戶指令規(guī)定的各種操作,將結(jié)果送到輸出端,并響應(yīng)外部設(shè)備（如電腦、打印機(jī)等）的請(qǐng)求以及進(jìn)行各種內(nèi)部判斷等.PLC的內(nèi)部存儲(chǔ)器有兩類，一類是系統(tǒng)程序存儲(chǔ)器，主要存放系統(tǒng)管理和監(jiān)控程序及對(duì)用戶程序作編譯處理的程序，系統(tǒng)程序已由廠家固定，用戶不能更改；另一類是用戶程序及數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器，主要存放用戶編制的應(yīng)用程序及各種暫存數(shù)據(jù)和中間結(jié)果。
2、輸入/輸出(I/O）接口
I/O接口是PLC與輸入/輸出設(shè)備連接的部件。輸入接口接受輸入設(shè)備(如按鈕、傳感器、觸點(diǎn)、行程開關(guān)等）的控制信號(hào)。輸出接口是將主機(jī)經(jīng)處理后的結(jié)果通過功放電路去驅(qū)動(dòng)輸出設(shè)備（如接觸器、電磁閥、指示燈等）。I/O接口一般采用光電耦合電路，以減少電磁干擾，從而提高了可靠性.I/O點(diǎn)數(shù)即輸入/輸出端子數(shù)是PLC的一項(xiàng)主要技術(shù)指標(biāo),通常小型機(jī)有幾十個(gè)點(diǎn)，中型機(jī)有幾百個(gè)點(diǎn)，大型機(jī)將超過千點(diǎn)。
3、電源
圖中電源是指為CPU、存儲(chǔ)器、I/O接口等內(nèi)部電子電路工作所配置的直流開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源，通常也為輸入設(shè)備提供直流電源。
4、編程
編程是PLC利用外部設(shè)備，用戶用來輸入、檢查、修改、調(diào)試程序或監(jiān)示PLC的工作情況。通過的PC/PPI電纜線將PLC與電腦聯(lián)接，并利用的軟件進(jìn)行電腦編程和監(jiān)控。
5、輸入/輸出擴(kuò)展單元
I/O擴(kuò)展接口用于將擴(kuò)充外部輸入/輸出端子數(shù)的擴(kuò)展單元與基本單元（即主機(jī)）連接在一起。
6、外部設(shè)備接口
此接口可將打印機(jī)、條碼掃描儀，變頻器等外部設(shè)備與主機(jī)相聯(lián)，以完成相應(yīng)的操作。
實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置提供的主機(jī)型號(hào)有西門子S7—200系列的CPU224（AC/DC/RELAY）。輸入點(diǎn)數(shù)為14，輸出點(diǎn)數(shù)為10；CPU226（AC/DC/RELAY）,輸入點(diǎn)數(shù)為26，輸出點(diǎn)數(shù)為14。

英文產(chǎn)品詳細(xì)信息

The structure of PLC and the functions of each part

There are various types of PLCs, and their functions and instruction systems are also different. However, their structure and working principles are similar, usually consisting of several main components such as the host, input/output interfaces, power extender interfaces, and external device interfaces. The hardware system of PLCs

1. Host

The host part includes the central processing unit (CPU), system program memory, and user program and data memory. The CPU is the core of PLC, which is used to run user programs, monitor the status of input/output interfaces, make logical judgments, and perform data processing. It reads input variables, completes various operations specified by user instructions, sends the results to the output end, responds to requests from external devices (such as computers, printers, etc.), and makes various internal judgments. There are two types of internal memory in PLC, one is system program memory, Mainly storing system management and monitoring programs, as well as programs for compiling and processing user programs. The system programs have been fixed by the manufacturer and cannot be changed by users; The other type is user programs and data storage, which mainly store user generated application programs, various temporary data, and intermediate results.

2. Input/Output (I/O) interface

The I/O interface is a component that connects the PLC to input/output devices. The input interface receives control signals from input devices such as buttons, sensors, contacts, travel switches, etc. The output interface is to drive output devices (such as contactors, solenoid valves, indicator lights, etc.) through the power amplifier circuit based on the processed results of the host. I/O interfaces generally use optoelectronic coupling circuits to reduce electromagnetic interference and improve reliability. The number of I/O points, or input/output terminals, is a major technical indicator of PLC. Typically, small machines have dozens of points, medium machines have hundreds of points, and large machines will exceed a thousand points.

3. Power supply

The power supply in the figure refers to a DC switch regulated power supply configured for the operation of internal electronic circuits such as CPU, memory, I/O interface, etc. It usually also provides DC power for input devices.

4. Programming

Programming is the use of external devices by PLC for users to input, check, modify, debug programs, or monitor the operation of the PLC. Connect the PLC to the computer through dedicated PC/PPI cables, and use dedicated software for computer programming and monitoring.

5. Input/output expansion unit

The I/O expansion interface is used to connect the expansion unit that expands the number of external input/output terminals with the basic unit (i.e. the host).

6. External device interface

This interface can connect external devices such as printers, barcode scanners, frequency converters, and the host to complete corresponding operations.

The host model provided for the experimental device is CPU224 (AC/DC/RELAY) of Siemens S7-200 series. The input points are 14 and the output points are 10; CPU226 (AC/DC/RELAY), with 26 input points and 14 output points.

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