進(jìn)口蝶閥的歷史和選型應(yīng)用
閱讀:225發(fā)布時(shí)間:2012-12-14
進(jìn)口蝶閥的歷史和選型應(yīng)用
進(jìn)口蝶閥的發(fā)展歷史
30年代,美國(guó)發(fā)明了蝶閥,50年代傳入日本,到60年代才在日本普遍采用,而在我國(guó)推廣則是70年代后的事了。目前世界上一般在DN300毫米以上蝶閥已逐漸代替了閘閥。蝶閥與閘閥相比有開(kāi)閉時(shí)間短,操作為矩小,安裝空間小和重量輕。以DN1000為例,蝶閥約2T,而閘閥約3.5T,且蝶閥易與各種驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置組合,有良好的耐久性和可靠性。橡膠密封蝶閥缺點(diǎn)是作節(jié)流使用時(shí),由于使用不當(dāng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生氣蝕,使橡膠座剝落、損傷等情況發(fā)生。為此,現(xiàn)在上又開(kāi)發(fā)金屬密封蝶閥,氣蝕區(qū)減小,近幾年我國(guó)也開(kāi)發(fā)了金屬密封蝶閥,在日本近年來(lái)還開(kāi)發(fā)耐氣蝕、低振動(dòng)、低噪聲的梳齒形蝶閥。一般密封座的壽命在正常情況下,橡膠15年-20年,金屬的80年-90年。
進(jìn)口蝶閥的選型和應(yīng)用
如何正確選用蝶閥則要根據(jù)工況要求。蝶閥的開(kāi)度與流量之間的關(guān)系,基本上呈線性比例變化。如果用于控制流量,其流量特性與配管的流阻也有密切關(guān)系,如兩條管道安裝閥門(mén)口徑、形式等全相同,而管道損失系數(shù)不同,閥門(mén)的流量差別也會(huì)很大。如果閥門(mén)處于節(jié)流幅度較大狀態(tài),閥板的背面容易發(fā)生氣蝕,有損壞閥門(mén)的可能,一般均在15°外使用。蝶閥處于中開(kāi)度時(shí),閥體與蝶板前端形成的開(kāi)口形狀以閥軸為中心,兩側(cè)形成完成不同的狀態(tài),一側(cè)的蝶板前端順流水方向而動(dòng),另一側(cè)逆流水方向而動(dòng),因此,一側(cè)閥體與閥板形成似噴嘴形開(kāi)口,另一側(cè)類(lèi)似節(jié)流孔形開(kāi)口,噴嘴側(cè)比節(jié)流側(cè)流速快的多,而節(jié)流側(cè)閥門(mén)下面會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓,往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)橡膠密封件脫落。蝶閥操作力矩,因開(kāi)度及閥門(mén)啟閉方向不同其值各異,臥式蝶閥,特別是大口徑閥,由于水深,閥軸上、下水頭差所產(chǎn)生的力矩也不容忽視。另外,閥門(mén)進(jìn)口側(cè)裝置彎頭時(shí),形成偏流,力矩會(huì)有增加。閥門(mén)處于中間開(kāi)度時(shí),由于水流動(dòng)力矩起作用,操作機(jī)構(gòu)需要自鎖.美國(guó)威盾VTON進(jìn)口蝶閥有以下可供選型:進(jìn)口硬密封蝶閥,進(jìn)口襯氟蝶閥,進(jìn)口帶伸縮蝶閥,進(jìn)口渦輪襯膠蝶閥,進(jìn)口通風(fēng)蝶閥,進(jìn)口高溫?zé)煹赖y,進(jìn)口氣動(dòng)蝶閥,進(jìn)口真空蝶閥。
Butterflyvalveintheprocessofapplyingknowledge0's,theU.S.inventedthebutterfly,50yearsintoJapan,the1960swaswidelyusedinJapan,andinthepromotionofourcountryiswhathappenedafterthe1970s.TheworldingeneralDN300mmbutterflyvalvehasbeengraduallyreplaced.Comparedwiththebutterflyvalveopeningandclosingtimeisshort,forthemomentasmall,smallinstallationspaceandweight.ToDN1000,forexample,butterflyabout2T,whilethegateofabout3.5T,andthevalvedriveeasilywithavarietyofcombinations,withgooddurabilityandreliability.Drawbackisthatrubbersealbutterflyvalveusedforthrottling,becauseimproperusewillproducecavitation,peelingofftherubberseat,damagefromhappening.Tothisend,wedevelopedisnowtheinternationalmetalsealingbutterflyvalve,cavitationareadecreases,inrecentyears,Chinahasalsodevelopedametalsealingbutterflyvalve,alsodevelopedinJapaninrecentyears,resistancetocavitation,lowvibration,lownoise,comb-shapedbutterflyvalve.Generallifeofthesealseatinnormalcircumstances,therubberfor15years-20years-90years,80yearsofmetal.Buthowtoproperlyusetheyshouldaccordingtotheconditionsrequired.Butterflyvalveopeningandtherelationshipbetweenflowrate,essentiallylinearlyproportionaltothechange.Ifusedtocontroltheflow,itsflowcharacteristicsandflowresistanceofpipingisalsocloselyrelated,suchastheinstallationofthevalveboretwopipelines,allformsofthesame,butdifferentlosscoefficientpipe,valves,flowdifferencewillbegreat.Ifthethrottlevalveinasignificantreductioninthestate,thevalveplateonthebackpronetocavitation,maydamagethevalve,generallyusedina15°outside.Butterflyvalveintheopening,thevalvebodyanddiscshapeofthefront-endtoformanopeningtothevalveshaftasthecenter,onbothsidestocompletetheformationofdifferentstates,thefrontsideofthediscmovingalongtheflowdirection,thedirectionoftheothersideofthecounter-currentwaterThemove,therefore,thesideofthevalvebodyandvalveplate-shapednozzleopeningsformedliketheothersideofthesimilar-shapedorificeopening,thenozzlesidethantheexpendituresideoftheflowmuchfaster,andthrottlevalvebelowwillproducenegativesideoftentherewillbetherubbersealsoff.Valveoperatingtorque,duetoopenandclosethevalveopeninganditsvaluevariesindifferentdirections,horizontalbutterflyvalve,especiallylarge-diametervalve,waterdepth,thevalveshaft,thewaterheaddifferencegeneratedbythetorquecannotbeignored.Inaddition,thevalveinletsideofthedevicewhentheelbowtoformabiascurrent,torquewillincrease.Valveopeninginthemiddle,becausethewaterflowtorquetowork,organizationsneedtoself-lockingoperation.